Cognitive science

My research interests are broadly focused on understanding the reciprocal relations of self and memory. How does the self influence learning and memory retrieval? How does memory contribute to one's sense of self? Uncovering the ways in which the self and memory interact may advance understanding of identity, elucidate the conditions and experiences that modify the self, and inspire clinical interventions that improve quality of life and wellbeing for people who have neurological or mental health conditions. Ongoing projects are investigating how to improve memory through self-referential encoding strategies in individuals with traumatic brain injury and other neuropsychological conditions. My current research also is investigating how individuals with amnesia (a profound learning and memory impairment) construct a sense of self and experience a sense of continuity in life.

Fabian-Xosé Fernandez, PhD, Departments of Psychology and Neurology, McKnight Brain InstituteCircadian timekeeping is fundamental to human health. Unfortunately, under many clinical circumstances, the temporal organization of our minds and bodies can stray slowly from the Universal Time (UT) that is set with the Earth’s rotation. This disorganization has been linked to progression of several age-related and psychiatric diseases. Non-invasive phototherapy has the potential to improve disease outcomes, but the information that the brain’s clock tracks in twilight (or any electric light signal) to assure that a person entrains their sleep-wake cycles to the outside world is not understood. The central theme of my research program is to fill in this blank and to usher in an era where therapeutically relevant “high-precision” light administration protocols are institutionalized at the level of the American Medical and Psychiatric Associations to change the standard of care for a wide variety of conditions that impair quality of life. Of the conditions my lab is currently studying, we are particularly interested in how chronic and quick, sequenced light exposure can be designed to: 1. promote normal healthy aging and 2. strengthen adaptive cognitive/emotional responses to being awake in the middle of the night (12-6AM), a key interval of the 24-h cycle that we have associated with increased suicidal ideation and mortality. Our circadian work on suicide is done in very close partnership with the University of Arizona Sleep Health and Research Program directed by Dr. Michael A. Grandner.

Carol A. Barnes, PhD, is a Regents' Professor in the Department of Psychology, Neurology, Neuroscience and BIO5, Director of the Evelyn F. McKnight Brain Institute, Director of the ARL Division of Neural Systems, Memory & Aging, Associate Director of the BIO5 Institute, and the Evelyn F. McKnight Endowed Chair for Learning and Memory in Aging at the University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ. Dr. Barnes is past-president of the 42,000 member Society for Neuroscience, an elected Fellow of the American Association for the Advancement of Science, and an Elected Foreign Member of the Royal Norwegian Society of Sciences and Letters. She earned her B.A. in psychology from the University of California at Riverside, and her M.A. and Ph.D. from Carleton University in Ottawa, Canada. She did postdoctoral training in neuropsychology and neurophysiology in the Department of Psychology at Dalhousie University, The Institute of Neurophysiology, University of Oslo, and in the Cerebral Functions Group at University College London. The central goal of Dr. Barnes’ research program is to understand how the brain changes during the aging process and what the functional consequences of these changes are on information processing and memory in the elderly. Her research program involves behavioral, electrophysiological and molecular biological approaches to the study of young and aged rodents and non-human primates. This work provides a basis for understanding the basic mechanisms of normal aging in the brain and sets a background against which it is possible to assess the effects of pathological changes such as Alzheimer’s disease. Some current work also includes an assessment of therapeutic agents that may be promising in the alleviation or delay of neural and cognitive changes that occur with age. Dr. Barnes has written over 225 articles in the area of memory changes during normal aging and their possible neurobiological correlates.

Kobus Barnard, PhD, is an associate professor in the recently formed University of Arizona School of Information: Science, Technology, and Arts (SISTA), created to foster computational approaches across disciplines in both research and education. He also has University of Arizona appointments with Computer Science, ECE, Statistics, Cognitive Sciences, and BIO5. He leads the Interdisciplinary Visual Intelligence Lab (IVILAB) currently housed in SISTA. Research in the IVILAB revolves around building top-down statistical models that link theory and semantics to data. Such models support going from data to knowledge using Bayesian inference. Much of this work is in the context of inferring semantics and geometric form from image and video. For example, in collaboration with multiple researchers, the IVILAB has applied this approach to problems in computer vision (e.g., tracking people in 3D from video, understanding 3D scenes from images, and learning models of object structure) and biological image understanding (e.g., tracking pollen tubes growing in vitro, inferring the morphology of neurons grown in culture, extracting 3D structure of filamentous fungi from the genus Alternaria from brightfield microscopy image stacks, and extracting 3D structure of Arabidopsis plants). An additional IVILAB research project, Semantically Linked Instructional Content (SLIC) is on improving access to educational video through searching and browsing.Dr. Barnard holds an NSF CAREER grant, and has received support from three additional NSF grants, the DARPA Mind’s eye program, ONR, the Arizona Biomedical Research Commission (ABRC), and a BIO5 seed grant. He was supported by NSERC (Canada) during graduate and post-graduate studies (NSERC A, B and PDF). His work on computational color constancy was awarded the Governor General’s gold medal for the best dissertation across disciplines at SFU. He has published over 80 papers, including one awarded best paper on cognitive computer vision in 2002.