Farr, J. N., Going, S. B., Lohman, T. G., Rankin, L., Kasle, S., Cornett, M., & Cussler, E. (2008). Physical activity levels in patients with early knee osteoarthritis measured by accelerometry. Arthritis Care and Research, 59(9), 1229-1236.
Abstract:
Objective. Physical activity (PA) is recommended for osteoarthritis (OA) management to reduce pain and improve function. The purpose of this study was to objectively assess the level and pattern of PA in male and female knee OA patients to determine adherence to Centers for Disease Control and Prevention/American College of Sports Medicine and Exercise and Physical Activity Conference recommendations for PA. Methods. Early OA patients (n = 255, 76% women, mean ± SD age 54.6 ± 7.1 years, mean ± SD body mass index 27.8 ± 4.3 kg/m 2) with Kellgren/Lawrence-defined grade II (no higher) radiographic OA in at least 1 knee wore an accelerometer for 6-7 contiguous days. Light (LPA), moderate (MPA), and vigorous (VPA) PA intensities were defined as accelerometer recordings of 100-2,224, 2,225-5,950, and >5,950 counts per minute, respectively. Results. Patients wore accelerometers for a mean ± SD of 6.8 ± 0.3 days and 13.8 ± 2.2 hours/day, and spent much more time (P 0.001) in MPA (23.6 ± 17.2 minutes/day) than VPA (0.95 ± 3.5 minutes/day). Men spent significantly (P 0.05) more time in all PA intensities than women. Only 30% of patients achieved recommended PA levels. The proportion of men (47%) achieving the recommendation was significantly (P = 0.04) higher than women (24%). Conclusion. Knee OA patients accumulate little VPA and most (70%) do not achieve recommended levels for MPA or greater. New strategies to increase levels of PA in this population are needed. © 2008, American College of Rheumatology.
Milliken, L. A., Cussler, E., Zeller, R. A., Choi, J. -., Metcalfe, L., Going, S. B., & Lohman, T. G. (2009). Changes in soft tissue composition are the primary predictors of 4-year bone mineral density changes in postmenopausal women. Osteoporosis International, 20(2), 347-354.
PMID: 18607670;Abstract:
Summary: Changes in body weight influence bone mineral density, but the role of body composition is not clear in postmenopausal women. Body weight and soft tissue composition predicted bone changes independent of calcium supplementation and exercise frequency, indicating that soft tissue composition should be measured in clinical trials. Introduction: The purpose of this study was to examine the relationship between changes in body weight and composition and changes in 4-year bone mineral density (BMD) after accounting for age, 4-year exercise frequency (EX), and 4-year calcium supplement intake (CA) in postmenopausal women with and without hormone therapy (HT). Methods: Postmenopausal women (aged 40-65 years) either using HT (for 1-3.9 years) or not using HT (for ≥1 year) were recruited to the study. EX and CA was monitored throughout the study and 167 women completed 4 years. BMD and soft tissue composition measurements were made using dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry. Regression was used to predict 4-year BMD changes from EX, CA, age, baseline and 4-year changes in body weight and composition. HT users (n = 115, 55.3 ± 4.3 years) and non-users (n = 52, 57.5 ± 4.7 years) were analyzed separately. Results: The models predicting regional BMD changes that included soft tissue composition changes explained the most variation compared with those with body weight or EX and CA alone. Larger amounts of variation in BMD changes were explained in the no HT group. Conclusion: Body composition changes are important positive predictors of BMD changes independent of EX and CA supplementation, but their contribution varies according to bone site and with HT use. © 2008 International Osteoporosis Foundation and National Osteoporosis Foundation.
Yousef, F. M., Jacobs, E. T., Kang, P. T., Hakim, I. A., Going, S., Yousef, J. M., Al-Raddadi, R. M., Kumosani, T. A., & Thomson, C. A. (2013). Vitamin D status and breast cancer in Saudi Arabian women: case-control study. American Journal of Clinical Nutrition, 98(1), 105-10.
Blew, R. M., Galons, J. P., Altbach, M., Hetherington-Rauth, M., Lohman, T., Going, S. B., Bea, J. W., & Lee, V. L. (2017). Validation of pQCT-derived thigh adipose tissue sub-compartments in young girls using a 3 T MRI scanner. Journal of Clinical Densitometry.
Boyden, T. W., Pamenter, R. W., Going, S. B., Lohman, T. G., Hall, M. C., Houtkooper, L. B., Bunt, J. C., Ritenbaugh, C., & Aickin, M. (1993). Resistance exercise training is associated with decreases in serum low-density lipoprotein cholesterol levels in premenopausal women. Archives of Internal Medicine, 153(1), 97-100.
PMID: 8422204;Abstract:
Background: Aerobic exercise training is associated with reduced serum concentrations of triglycerides, increased concentrations of high-density lipoprotein cholesterol, and minimal changes in serum levels of total cholesterol or low-density lipoprotein cholesterol. There are few data on the effects of resistance exercise on blood lipid levels. Methods: Premenopausal women were randomly assigned to a supervised resistance exercise training program (n=46) or a control group (n=42) for 5 months. Serum was analyzed for levels of total cholesterol, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol, and triglycerides. Body composition and dietary intake were also measured. Results: The exercise group showed a 0.33±0.03-mmol/L (mean±SE) decrease in total cholesterol level and a 0.36±0.001-mmol/L decrease in low-density lipoprotein cholesterol level that was significantly different from the control group. No significant changes were noted in serum high-density lipoprotein cholesterol or triglyceride levels in either group. Changes in body composition showed no significant correlations with changes in total cholesterol or low-density lipoprotein cholesterol. There were no significant differences in nutrient intake between the groups. Conclusion: In healthy, premenopausal women, with normal baseline lipid profiles, 5 months of resistance exercise training was associated with significant decreases in serum total cholesterol and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol concentrations.
