Going, S. B., Levin, S., Harrell, J., Stewart, D., Kushi, L., Cornell, C. E., Hunsberger, S., Corbin, C., & Sallis, J. (1999). Physical activity assessment in American Indian schoolchildren in the Pathways study. The American journal of clinical nutrition, 69(4 Suppl).
The objective of the Pathways physical activity feasibility study was to develop methods for comparing type and amount of activity between intervention and control schools participating in a school-based obesity prevention program. Two methods proved feasible: 1) a specially designed 24-h physical activity recall questionnaire for assessing the frequency and type of activities and 2) use of a triaxial accelerometer for assessing amount of activity. Results from pilot studies supporting the use of these methods are described. Analyses of activity during different segments of the day showed that children were most active after school. The activities reported most frequently (e.g., basketball and mixed walking and running) were also the ones found to be most popular in the study population on the basis of formative assessment surveys. Both the physical activity recall questionnaire and the triaxial accelerometer methods will be used to assess the effects of the full-scale intervention on physical activity.
Dow, C. A., Going, S. B., Chow, H. S., Patil, B. S., & Thomson, C. A. (2012). The effects of daily consumption of grapefruit on body weight, lipids, and blood pressure in healthy, overweight adults. Metabolism: Clinical and Experimental, 61(7), 1026-1035.
PMID: 22304836;Abstract:
Folklore has suggested that consuming grapefruit may promote weight control. Sparse data exist to support this hypothesis, although there is some evidence of health promotion effects with regard to blood pressure control and modulation of circulating lipids. The aim of this randomized controlled trial was to prospectively evaluate the role of grapefruit in reducing body weight and blood pressure and in promoting improvements in the lipid profile in overweight adults (N = 74). Following a 3-week washout diet low in bioactive-rich fruits and vegetables, participants were randomized to either the control diet (n = 32) or daily grapefruit (n = 42) in the amount of one half of a fresh Rio-Red grapefruit with each meal (3× daily) for 6 weeks. No differences between group in weight, blood pressure, or lipids were demonstrated. Grapefruit consumption was associated with modest weight loss (-0.61 ± 2.23 kg, P =.097), a significant reduction in waist circumference (-2.45 ± 0.60 cm, P =.0002), and a significant reduction in systolic blood pressure (-3.21 ± 10.13 mm Hg, P =.03) compared with baseline values. Improvements were observed in circulating lipids of those consuming grapefruit, with total cholesterol and low-density lipoprotein significantly decreasing by -11.7 mg/dL (P =.002) and -18.7 mg/dL (P .001), respectively, compared with baseline values. This study suggests that consumption of grapefruit daily for 6 weeks does not significantly decrease body weight, lipids, or blood pressure as compared with the control condition. However, the improvements in blood pressure and lipids demonstrated in the intervention group suggest that grapefruit should be further evaluated in the context of obesity and cardiovascular disease prevention. © 2012 Elsevier Inc.
Metcalfe, L., Lohman, T., Going, S., Houtkooper, L., Ferriera, D., Flint-Wagner, H., Guido, T., Martin, J., Wright, J., & Cussler, E. (2001). Postmenopausal Women and Exercise for Prevention of Osteoporosis. ACSM's Health and Fitness Journal, 5(3), 6-14.
Going, S., Lohman, T. G., & Going, S. B. (2006). Body composition assessment for development of an international growth standard for preadolescent and adolescent children. Food and nutrition bulletin, 27(4 Suppl Growth Standard).
General considerations in assessing body composition in children and youths are described. Various methods are explored and recommendations are made for methods to be used in the International Growth Standard for Preadolescent and Adolescent Children Project. Exclusion of under- and overweight participants is recommended, and a method is proposed to assess both underweight and overweight. In addition to height and weight, we recommend waist circumference, selected skinfolds, and dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry (DXA) as a measure of fat, lean, and bone mineral density. We also propose using both fat mass index and fat-free mass index as an improvement over body-mass index.
Sriram, U., LaCroix, A. Z., Barrington, W. E., Corbie-Smith, G., Garcia, L., Going, S. B., LaMonte, M. J., Manson, J. E., Sealy-Jefferson, S., Stefanick, M. L., Waring, M. E., & Seguin, R. A. (2016). Neighborhood Walkability and Adiposity in the WHI Cohort. Am J Prev Med.
